Guide
Plan a Homestead Water System Before Choosing a Pump
What information do I need before choosing a manual well pump?
Record the source type, static water level, well casing size, delivery height, freeze exposure, and intended use. Those details determine whether a shallow-well, lift, or force pump fits; use a water test—not appearance—to decide treatment needs.
A water system is more than a pump. Begin with the source: is it a cistern, a shallow well, or a deeper drilled well? Record the static water level (the resting water level below grade), well casing diameter, available pump location, and the place water needs to reach.
Map the complete water path
For a manual system, the path is usually source → foot valve or cylinder → drop pipe and rod → pump → spout or delivery pipe → storage or point of use. A force pump can send water uphill or to a holding tank; a conventional pitcher pump is generally used at a shallow source or cistern. Protect exposed plumbing and plan a drain-down strategy before freezing weather arrives.
Keep water quantity and water quality separate
Pump selection is based on lift and delivery needs. Filtration or treatment is based on a current water test and the intended use. Test private-well water through an appropriate laboratory, then follow local health and plumbing requirements for potable water. Do not choose a filter from appearance or taste alone.
Useful links
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Shop Heller-Aller water well pumps
Cottage Craft Works manual well pumps, parts, and installation tools
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Heller-Aller hand-pump education
Cottage Craft Works overview of shallow, lift, force, and windmill pump applications
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Private water-system education
Independent education on testing private water supplies before choosing treatment